Original Article

Tuberculin skin test: operational research in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Teste tuberculínico: pesquisa operacional no Mato Grosso do Sul

Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de Oliveira, Antônio Ruffino-Netto, Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago, Olcinei Alves de Oliveira, Marli Marques, Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha, Renato Andreotti

J Bras Pneumol.2011;37(5):646-654

Drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 2000-2006

Perfil de resistência de Mycobacterium tuberculosis no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, 2000-2006

Marli Marques, Eunice Atsuko Totumi Cunha, Antonio Ruffino-Netto, Sonia Maria de Oliveira Andrade

J Bras Pneumol.2010;36(2):224-231

Objective: To determine the drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between 2000 and 2006. Methods: Descriptive study of reported tuberculosis cases in the Brazilian Case Registry Database. We included only those cases in which M. tuberculosis culture was positive and sensitivity to drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin and ethambutol) was tested. Löwenstein-Jensen and Ogawa-Kudoh solid media were used for cultures, as was an automated liquid medium system. Sensitivity tests were based on the proportion method. Results: Among the 783 cases evaluated, males predominated (69.7%), as did patients in the 20-49 year age bracket (70%), a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (94.4%) and positive HIV serology (8.6%); 645 (82.4%) were new cases, and 138 (17.6%) had previously been treated. Resistance to at least one drug was found in 143 cases (18.3%). The primary resistance (PR) rate was, respectively, 8.1%, 1.6%, 2.8% and 12.4%, for monoresistance, multidrug resistance (MDR), other patterns of resistance and resistance to at least one drug, whereas the acquired resistance (AR) rate was 14.5%, 20.3%, 10.9% and 45.7%, respectively, and the combined resistance (CR) rate was 9.2%, 4.9%, 4.2% and 18.3%, respectively. In PR, streptomycin was the most common drug, whereas isoniazid was the most common in AR and CR (7.2% and 3.7%, respectively). Conclusions: These high levels of resistance undermine the efforts for tuberculosis control in Mato Grosso do Sul. Acquired MDR was 12.7 times more common than was primary MDR, demonstrating that the previous use of drug therapy is an indicator of resistance. These levels reflect the poor quality of the health care provided to these patients, showing the importance of using the directly observed treatment, short course strategy, as well as the need to perform cultures and sensitivity tests for the early diagnosis of drug resistance.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Drug resistance, multiple; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Scoring system for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in indigenous children and adolescents under 15 years of age in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Diagnóstico da tuberculose em indígenas menores de quinze anos por meio de um sistema de pontuação em Mato Grosso do Sul

Sandra Christo dos Santos, Ana Maria Campos Marques, Roselene Lopes de Oliveira, Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha

J Bras Pneumol.2013;39(1):84-91

Evaluation of surveillance of contacts of new tuberculosis cases in the state of Mato Grosso - Brazil

Avaliação da vigilância de contatos de casos novos de tuberculose no Estado de Mato Grosso - Brasil

Shaiana Vilella Hartwig, Eliane Ignotti, Beatriz Fátima Alves de Oliveira, Hellen Caroline de Oliveira Pereira, João Henrique Scatena

J Bras Pneumol.2008;34(5):298-303

Noncompliance with treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis in Cuiabá, in the State of Mato Grosso - Brazil

Abandono do tratamento da tuberculose pulmonar em Cuiabá - MT - Brasil

Silvana Margarida Benevides Ferreira, Ageo Mário Cândido da Silva, Clóvis Botelho

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(5):427-435

Electronic cigarette awareness and use among students at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Conhecimento e uso do cigarro eletrônico entre estudantes da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso

Wemerson José Corrêa de Oliveira1,a, Alexandre Figueiredo Zobiole1,b, Claudia Bonadiman de Lima1,c, Rebeca Melo Zurita1,d, Pedro Eduarto Muniz Flores1,e, Luís Guilherme Val Rodrigues1,f, Raissa Carolina de Assis Pinheiro1,g, Victor Francisco Figueiredo Rocha Soares e Silva1,h

J Bras Pneumol.2018;44(5):367-369

Risk factors for a positive tuberculin skin test among employees of a Brazilian university hospital

Fatores de risco para um teste cutâneo tuberculínico positivo entre funcionários de um hospital universitário brasileiro

Rafael Dias da Costa e Silva, Marcelo Simão Ferreira, Paulo Pinto Gontijo Filho

J Bras Pneumol.1998;24(6):353-356

Mortality due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)

Mortalidade por fibrose pulmonar idiopática no Rio Grande do Sul

Fabrício Picolli Fortuna, Christiano Perin, Letícia Cunha, Adalberto Sperb Rubin

J Bras Pneumol.2003;29(3):121-124

Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Histoplasmose pulmonar aguda no Rio Grande do Sul

Gisela Unis, Eliane Wurdig Roesch, Luiz Carlos Severo

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(1):

Background: Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis is a respiratory infection occurring when an otherwise healthy individual inhales a large quantity of fungal propagules. Length of exposure determines disease severity. An epidemic is influenced by factors affecting the growth and transmission of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in nature. Objective: To identify epidemiological and clinical aspects of patients with acute pulmonary histoplasmosis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and compare these aspects with those of other cluster outbreaks reported in Brazil. Method: The charts of 212 patients diagnosed with histoplasmosis over a 25-year period (1977-2002) were obtained from the archives of the Laboratório de Micologia from Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa (Santa Casa Hospital Mycology Laboratory), in the city of Porto Alegre (RS). In reviewing these patient charts, we identified and included in the study cases of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis in which there was a positive culture and/or histopathological findings consistent with the diagnosis. Outbreaks were defined as one confirmed case or positive immunodifusion Histoplasma capsulatum with compatible clinical history. All reported Brazilian outbreaks were reviewed. Results: Of the 212 patient charts reviewed, 18 (8.5%) were selected for inclusion in the study. Among those 18 patients, ages ranged from 8 to 63 years (median, 35.4), and 67% were male. Epidemiological histories were suggestive of the disease in 11 patients (61%). The most common disease type, seen in 17 patients (95%), was primary acute pulmonary histoplasmosis, and there was a predominance of isolated cases. Conclusion: The identification of isolated cases and the presence of cluster outbreaks demonstrate the abundance of H. capsulatum in the soil and, together with the occurrence of all forms of the disease, confirms the assumption that Rio Grande do Sul is a hyperendemic region for histoplasmosis.

Keywords: Key words - Histoplasmosis/epidemiology. Histoplasmosis/diagnostic. Histoplasma. Medical records. Retrospective studies.

Prevalence of tuberculin skin testing among medical students in Campos School of Medicine, Rio de Janeiro

Prevalência da prova tuberculínica positiva entre alunos da Faculdade de Medicina de Campos (RJ)

Luiz Clovis Parente Soares, Fernanda C. Queiroz Mello, Afrânio Lineu Kritski

J Bras Pneumol.2004;30(4):440-447

Phenotypic and genotypic study of macrolide resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in hospitals in Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Estudo fenotípico e genotípico da resistência aos macrolídeos de "Streptococcus pneumoniae" isolados em hospitais de Porto Alegre - RS

Fabiana Rowe Zettler, Eduardo Walker Zettler, Virginia Minghelli Schmitt, Marina Tagliaro Jahns, Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias, Carlos Cezar Fritscher

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(4):312-317

Sweat test and cystic fibrosis: overview of test performance at public and private centers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Teste do suor e fibrose cística: panorama da realização do teste em centros públicos e privados do estado de São Paulo

Maria Fátima Servidoni1,2, Carla Cristina Souza Gomez1, Fernando Augusto Lima Marson1,3, Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro1, Maria Ângela Gonçalves de Oliveira Ribeiro1, José Dirceu Ribeiro1, Antônio Fernando Ribeiro1, Grupo Colaborativo de Estudos em Fibrose Cística

J Bras Pneumol.2017;43(2):121-128

Influence of vial size on the results of the tuberculin test

Influência do tamanho do frasco de tuberculina nos resultados da prova tuberculínica

Antonio Ruffino-Netto, Afranio Lineu Kritski, Eleny Guimarães Teixeira, Carla Conceição dos Santos Loredo, Danielle Novelo de Souza, Anete Trajman

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(2):144-148

Prevalence of asthma among adolescents in the city of Santa Maria, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Project

Prevalência de asma em adolescentes urbanos de Santa Maria (RS). Projeto ISAAC - International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood

Vitor Emanuel Cassol, Dirceu Solé, Sérgio Saldanha Menna-Barreto, Stefenia Pigatto Teche, Tiago Moraes Rizzato, Martin Maldonado, Diogo Ferrari Centenaro, Eliane Zenir Colpo Moraes

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(3):191-196

Prevalence of and factors related to tuberculosis in seropositive human immunodeficiency virus patients at a reference center for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Prevalência e fatores associados à tuberculose em pacientes soropositivos para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana em centro de referência para tratamento da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Jussara Maria Silveira, Raúl Andrés Mendoza Sassi, Isabel Cristina de Oliveira Netto, Jorge Lima Hetzel

J Bras Pneumol.2006;32(1):48-55

Objective: In view of the relevance of co-infection with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus, this study was designed to determine tuberculosis prevalence and identify factors related to tuberculosis in patients residing in a region in which both infections are highly prevalent. Methods: All patients treated during 1999 at the HIV/AIDS Clinic of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (Rio Grande Federal University) University Hospital were evaluated retrospectively, from the time of human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis, in terms of the incidence of tuberculosis and its relationship to sociodemographic, behavioral and immunological factors. Results: The sample included 204 patients, and tuberculosis prevalence was found to be 27%. The multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between the development of tuberculosis and being of African descent (odds ratio: 4.76; 95% confidence interval: 1.93-11.72) and an inverse correlation between the development of tuberculosis and the TCD4+ lymphocyte count at the time of human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis (odds ratio: 0.995; 95% confidence interval: 0.993-0.997). When analyzed separately, other variables were found to be potential risk factors: being of the male gender (odds ratio: 2.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.15-5.39); and using illicit drugs (odds ratio: 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-4.31). Conclusion: The factors responsible for the development of tuberculosis among patients who are human immunodeficiency virus seropositive include immunological, socioeconomic and demographic factors. The high rate of tuberculosis prevalence among the seropositive patients underscores the urgent need to implement strategies that combine rapid identification and prompt treatment of individuals with active or latent infection, as well as of those with whom they have been in contact.

Keywords: HIV Infections/complications; AIDS-related opportunistic infections/complications; Tuberculosis/etiology; Tuberculosis/epidemiology