Original Article

Mortality due to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil)

Mortalidade por fibrose pulmonar idiopática no Rio Grande do Sul

Fabrício Picolli Fortuna, Christiano Perin, Letícia Cunha, Adalberto Sperb Rubin

J Bras Pneumol.2003;29(3):121-124

Mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a temporal trend analysis in Brazil, 1979-2014

Mortalidade por fibrose pulmonar idiopática: análise temporal no Brasil, 1979-2014

Eduardo Algranti, Cézar Akiyoshi Saito, Diego Rodrigues Mendonça e Silva, Ana Paula Scalia Carneiro, Marco Antonio Bussacos

J Bras Pneumol.2017;43(6):445-450

Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Histoplasmose pulmonar aguda no Rio Grande do Sul

Gisela Unis, Eliane Wurdig Roesch, Luiz Carlos Severo

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(1):

Background: Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis is a respiratory infection occurring when an otherwise healthy individual inhales a large quantity of fungal propagules. Length of exposure determines disease severity. An epidemic is influenced by factors affecting the growth and transmission of Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in nature. Objective: To identify epidemiological and clinical aspects of patients with acute pulmonary histoplasmosis in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and compare these aspects with those of other cluster outbreaks reported in Brazil. Method: The charts of 212 patients diagnosed with histoplasmosis over a 25-year period (1977-2002) were obtained from the archives of the Laboratório de Micologia from Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa (Santa Casa Hospital Mycology Laboratory), in the city of Porto Alegre (RS). In reviewing these patient charts, we identified and included in the study cases of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis in which there was a positive culture and/or histopathological findings consistent with the diagnosis. Outbreaks were defined as one confirmed case or positive immunodifusion Histoplasma capsulatum with compatible clinical history. All reported Brazilian outbreaks were reviewed. Results: Of the 212 patient charts reviewed, 18 (8.5%) were selected for inclusion in the study. Among those 18 patients, ages ranged from 8 to 63 years (median, 35.4), and 67% were male. Epidemiological histories were suggestive of the disease in 11 patients (61%). The most common disease type, seen in 17 patients (95%), was primary acute pulmonary histoplasmosis, and there was a predominance of isolated cases. Conclusion: The identification of isolated cases and the presence of cluster outbreaks demonstrate the abundance of H. capsulatum in the soil and, together with the occurrence of all forms of the disease, confirms the assumption that Rio Grande do Sul is a hyperendemic region for histoplasmosis.

Keywords: Key words - Histoplasmosis/epidemiology. Histoplasmosis/diagnostic. Histoplasma. Medical records. Retrospective studies.

The burden of disease due to tuberculosis in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

A carga de doença por tuberculose no estado de Santa Catarina

J Bras Pneumol.2014;40(1):61-68

Prevalence of and factors related to tuberculosis in seropositive human immunodeficiency virus patients at a reference center for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Prevalência e fatores associados à tuberculose em pacientes soropositivos para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana em centro de referência para tratamento da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Jussara Maria Silveira, Raúl Andrés Mendoza Sassi, Isabel Cristina de Oliveira Netto, Jorge Lima Hetzel

J Bras Pneumol.2006;32(1):48-55

Objective: In view of the relevance of co-infection with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus, this study was designed to determine tuberculosis prevalence and identify factors related to tuberculosis in patients residing in a region in which both infections are highly prevalent. Methods: All patients treated during 1999 at the HIV/AIDS Clinic of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (Rio Grande Federal University) University Hospital were evaluated retrospectively, from the time of human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis, in terms of the incidence of tuberculosis and its relationship to sociodemographic, behavioral and immunological factors. Results: The sample included 204 patients, and tuberculosis prevalence was found to be 27%. The multivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between the development of tuberculosis and being of African descent (odds ratio: 4.76; 95% confidence interval: 1.93-11.72) and an inverse correlation between the development of tuberculosis and the TCD4+ lymphocyte count at the time of human immunodeficiency virus diagnosis (odds ratio: 0.995; 95% confidence interval: 0.993-0.997). When analyzed separately, other variables were found to be potential risk factors: being of the male gender (odds ratio: 2.49; 95% confidence interval: 1.15-5.39); and using illicit drugs (odds ratio: 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-4.31). Conclusion: The factors responsible for the development of tuberculosis among patients who are human immunodeficiency virus seropositive include immunological, socioeconomic and demographic factors. The high rate of tuberculosis prevalence among the seropositive patients underscores the urgent need to implement strategies that combine rapid identification and prompt treatment of individuals with active or latent infection, as well as of those with whom they have been in contact.

Keywords: HIV Infections/complications; AIDS-related opportunistic infections/complications; Tuberculosis/etiology; Tuberculosis/epidemiology

Mortality due to pneumoconioses in macro regions of Brazil in the 1979-1998 period

Mortalidade por pneumoconioses nas macrorregiões do Brasil no período de 1979-1998

Hermano Albuquerque de Castro, Genésio Vicentin, Kellen Cristina Xavier Pereira

J Bras Pneumol.2003;29(2):82-88

Phenotypic and genotypic study of macrolide resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in hospitals in Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Estudo fenotípico e genotípico da resistência aos macrolídeos de "Streptococcus pneumoniae" isolados em hospitais de Porto Alegre - RS

Fabiana Rowe Zettler, Eduardo Walker Zettler, Virginia Minghelli Schmitt, Marina Tagliaro Jahns, Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias, Carlos Cezar Fritscher

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(4):312-317

Factors associated with delayed diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Fatores associados ao atraso no diagnóstico da tuberculose pulmonar no estado do Rio de Janeiro

Audry Cristina de Fátima Teixeira Machado, Ricardo Ewbank Steffen, Olivia Oxlade, Dick Menzies, Afrânio Kritski, Anete Trajman

J Bras Pneumol.2011;37(4):512-520

Tuberculosis-related mortality in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, 1985-2004

Mortalidade específica por tuberculose no estado do Espírito Santo, no período de 1985 a 2004

Cláudia Maria Marques Moreira, Eliana Zandonade, Reynaldo Dietze, Ethel Leonor Noia Maciel

J Bras Pneumol.2008;34(8):601-606

Prevalence of asthma among adolescents in the city of Santa Maria, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Project

Prevalência de asma em adolescentes urbanos de Santa Maria (RS). Projeto ISAAC - International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood

Vitor Emanuel Cassol, Dirceu Solé, Sérgio Saldanha Menna-Barreto, Stefenia Pigatto Teche, Tiago Moraes Rizzato, Martin Maldonado, Diogo Ferrari Centenaro, Eliane Zenir Colpo Moraes

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(3):191-196

Drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 2000-2006

Perfil de resistência de Mycobacterium tuberculosis no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, 2000-2006

Marli Marques, Eunice Atsuko Totumi Cunha, Antonio Ruffino-Netto, Sonia Maria de Oliveira Andrade

J Bras Pneumol.2010;36(2):224-231

Objective: To determine the drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, between 2000 and 2006. Methods: Descriptive study of reported tuberculosis cases in the Brazilian Case Registry Database. We included only those cases in which M. tuberculosis culture was positive and sensitivity to drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin and ethambutol) was tested. Löwenstein-Jensen and Ogawa-Kudoh solid media were used for cultures, as was an automated liquid medium system. Sensitivity tests were based on the proportion method. Results: Among the 783 cases evaluated, males predominated (69.7%), as did patients in the 20-49 year age bracket (70%), a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (94.4%) and positive HIV serology (8.6%); 645 (82.4%) were new cases, and 138 (17.6%) had previously been treated. Resistance to at least one drug was found in 143 cases (18.3%). The primary resistance (PR) rate was, respectively, 8.1%, 1.6%, 2.8% and 12.4%, for monoresistance, multidrug resistance (MDR), other patterns of resistance and resistance to at least one drug, whereas the acquired resistance (AR) rate was 14.5%, 20.3%, 10.9% and 45.7%, respectively, and the combined resistance (CR) rate was 9.2%, 4.9%, 4.2% and 18.3%, respectively. In PR, streptomycin was the most common drug, whereas isoniazid was the most common in AR and CR (7.2% and 3.7%, respectively). Conclusions: These high levels of resistance undermine the efforts for tuberculosis control in Mato Grosso do Sul. Acquired MDR was 12.7 times more common than was primary MDR, demonstrating that the previous use of drug therapy is an indicator of resistance. These levels reflect the poor quality of the health care provided to these patients, showing the importance of using the directly observed treatment, short course strategy, as well as the need to perform cultures and sensitivity tests for the early diagnosis of drug resistance.

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Drug resistance, multiple; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Deaths attributed to multiple causes and involving tuberculosis in the state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil between 1999 and 2001

Causas múltiplas de morte relacionadas à tuberculose no Estado do Rio de Janeiro entre 1999 e 2001

Augusto Hasiak Santo

J Bras Pneumol.2006;32(6):544-552

Tuberculin skin test: operational research in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Teste tuberculínico: pesquisa operacional no Mato Grosso do Sul

Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de Oliveira, Antônio Ruffino-Netto, Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago, Olcinei Alves de Oliveira, Marli Marques, Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha, Renato Andreotti

J Bras Pneumol.2011;37(5):646-654

Mortality due to respiratory diseases in the elderly after influenza vaccination campaigns in theFederal District, Brazil, 1996-2009

Mortalidade por doenças respiratórias em idosos após campanhas vacinais contrainfluenza no Distrito Federal, Brasil, 1996-2009

Francisca Magalhães Scoralick, Luciana Paganini Piazzolla, Liana Laura Pires, Cleudsom Neri,Wladimir Kummer de Paula

J Bras Pneumol.2013;39(2):198-204

Brief Communication

Tuberculosis and gender in a priority city in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Tuberculose e gênero em um município prioritário no estado do Rio de Janeiro

Márcia Teresa Carreira Teixeira Belo, Ronir Ragio Luiz, Christy Hanson, Lia Selig, Eleny Guimarães Teixeira, Thiago Chalfoun, Anete Trajman

J Bras Pneumol.2010;36(5):621-625

Original Article

Deaths attributed to tuberculosis in the state of Rio de Janeiro

Óbitos atribuídos à tuberculose no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Lia Selig, Márcia Belo, Antônio Jose Ledo Alves da Cunha, Eleny Guimarães Teixeira, Rossana Brito, Ana Lucia Luna, Anete Trajman

J Bras Pneumol.2004;30(4):417-424

Editorial

Pharmacological treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: time to step out of the comfort zone?

Tratamento farmacológico da fibrose pulmonar idiopática: hora de sair da zona de conforto?

Giacomo Sgalla1, Luca Richeldi1,2

J Bras Pneumol.2020;46(2):e20200193

Original Article

Prevalence of asthma symptoms and treatment of children and adolescents from 2 to 14 years of age in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Prevalência de sintomas de asma e tratamento de crianças e adolescentes de 2 a 14 anos no Campus Aproximado da PUCRS

Brasília Itália C. S. Ache, Fabiane Kahan, Jussara Fiterman

J Bras Pneumol.2005;31(2):103 -110

Background: In recent decades, the prevalence of asthma has increased. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children and adolescents from 2 to 14 years of age living in Porto Alegre (in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) and to determine any potential correlations with socioeconomic profile, treatment and smoking in the home. Methods: A transversal study based on interviews of all families seeking medical attention in June of 2000. Results: The prevalence of asthma symptoms was 49.5%. In 66.8% of families, total income was less than four times the minimum wage, and in more than 50% of homes, the parents had had less than five years of schooling. In 98.5%, prophylactic asthma treatment was not used. In the 174 families studied, 38.7% of mothers and 43.7% of fathers were smokers (32.7% overall). Correlations were found between the following variables: exposure to smoking in the home and number of asthma attacks in the last year (p = 0.02; RR = 2.9; CI: 1.1 - 4.5); maternal level of education and number of attacks in the last year (p = 0.03; RR = 2.03; CI: 1.01 - 4.19); close living quarters and number of attacks in the last year among children exposed to second-hand smoke (p = 0.04; RR = 2.7; CI: 1.4 - 5.1); hospitalization and number of attacks in the last year (p = 0.004; RR = 1.46; CI: 1.15 -1.86); hospitalization and close living quarters (p = 0.03; RR = 1.47; CI: 1.15 -1.86). In children below the age of five, there was correlation between maternal smoking and number of attacks in the last year (p = 0.03; RR = 1.79; CI: 1.04 - 3.08). Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma symptoms was high. The community studied has limited socioeconomic resources, and there is therefore a lack of adequate treatment for asthma. Our results demonstrate the need for prioritized, standardized treatment programs that would give healthcare workers access to the appropriate materials and means of evaluation necessary for asthma control.

Keywords: Key words: Asthma. Prevalence. Smoking in the home. Treatment between episodes of asthma.

Safety and tolerability of nintedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in Brazil

Segurança e tolerabilidade de Nintedanibe em pacientes com fibrose pulmonar idiopática no Brasil

Carlos Alberto de Castro Pereira1,a, José Antonio Baddini-Martinez2,b, Bruno Guedes Baldi3,c, Sérgio Fernandes de Oliveira Jezler4,d, Adalberto Sperb Rubin5,e, Rogerio Lopes Rufino Alves6,f, Gilmar Alves Zonzin7,g, Manuel Quaresma8,h, Matthias Trampisch9,i, Marcelo Fouad Rabahi10,j

J Bras Pneumol.2019;45(5):e20180414

Scoring system for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in indigenous children and adolescents under 15 years of age in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Diagnóstico da tuberculose em indígenas menores de quinze anos por meio de um sistema de pontuação em Mato Grosso do Sul

Sandra Christo dos Santos, Ana Maria Campos Marques, Roselene Lopes de Oliveira, Rivaldo Venâncio da Cunha

J Bras Pneumol.2013;39(1):84-91

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