The staging evolution dilemma: TNM-9 sharpens anatomical precision, but is biology still offstage?

Prado1,2,3, Gustavo Faibischew; Fujiki3,4, Fernanda Kaori; Brito3, João Marcelo Lopes Toscano de

doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20250236

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The staging evolution dilemma: TNM-9 sharpens anatomical precision, but is biology still offstage?

Gustavo Faibischew Prado1,2,3, Fernanda Kaori Fujiki3,4, João Marcelo Lopes Toscano de Brito3

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20250236

1. Comitê Científico de Câncer de Pulmão, Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia, Brasília (DF), Brasil.
2. International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (Education Committee).
3. Rede D'Or, São Paulo (SP), Brasil.
4. Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP), Brasil.